Monday, December 30, 2019

Washington Mutuals Covered Bonds Essay - 6008 Words

9-209-093 REV: OCTOBER 22, 2009 DANIEL B. BERGSTRESSER ROBIN GREENWOOD JAMES QUINN Wa ashingt Mu ton utuals C Covered Bond ds September of 20 was not a calm time fo the world’s capital mark 008 or s kets. On Sept tember 7 fede erallybacke mortgage loan compani Freddie M and Fann Mae were placed into c ed l ies Mac nie conservatorsh by hip the U.S. governme a move de ent, esigned to sta abilize the em mbattled lenders. On Mond day, Septemb 15, ber global investment bank Lehma Brothers filed for Cha an apter 11 bank kruptcy protection. Broa US ad equity market inde y exes dropped by as much as 5 percent as rumors s d h t spread about potential liqu uidity crises at other majo financial in or†¦show more content†¦This publica ation may not be digitized, photoco opied, or otherwise reproduced, poste or transmitted, w ed, without the permis ssion of Harvard Bu usiness School. 209-093 Washington Mutuals Covered Bonds the pool; an investor in a covered bond had recourse to the issuer, as well as a claim that was secured by the mortgages.2 The mortgages collateralizing the covered bond were called the â€Å"cover pool†. Covered bonds were typically structured so as to receive a rating of AAA or AA from the major rating organizations (AAA denoted instruments of the highest quality). One important difference between covered bonds and MBS was that the set of mortgages securing the covered bond were dynamic; in contrast, mortgages comprising a MBS remained static once the security was issued. In the case of a covered bond, mortgages that experienced delinquencies were generally substituted out of the pool, with performing mortgages replacing them. Just as the individual mortgages in the cover pool were dynamic, the total size of the cover pool was dynamic as well. The amount of overcollateralization (i.e., the extent to which the size of the cover pool would exceed the face value of the covered bonds) would adjust dynamically depending on the financial health of the issuer. Exhibit 6 shows how recently, as WaMu had been downgraded by theShow MoreRelatedFinancial Bubble Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pagesoffering for Corning? 7. What should Flaws do? Case study: Fixed income analysis and behavioral finance Case: Washington Mutual’s covered bonds (9-209-093) i. How does a covered bond compare to an unsecured obligation of a financial institution? To a mortgage-backed security? ii. In late July 2008, the US Treasury Secretary said that covered bonds had the â€Å"potential to increase mortgage financing, improve underwriting standards, and strengthen U.S. financial

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Motivation Theories - 1577 Words

â€Å"Motivation is the will and desire that a person has to engage in a particular behaviour or perform a particular task† (Lawley King, P269). In life motivation will be needed to enhance the workforce in various ways, many organisations will use motivation to increase the percentage yield of an individual or to make an individual feel a part of the business or organisation. Incentives have a huge influence on behaviourist extrinsic approach. In addition other aspects; humanist theorist, intrinsic approach, Taylorism and Fordism have a part in perception of motivation. The first theory is incentive theory which suggests people are motivated to do things because of external rewards after an action is preformed which is linked to†¦show more content†¦Both of these can be seen at such content by Maslow (1943). In regards to pay which is extrinsic, plus linked to Taylorism. Taylor based his views on motivation on the conjecture of homo economics by believing people are just motivated by pay and economic alone, he based this on his principles were he used a scientific method to study work and determine the most efficient way to perform specific tasks, he match workers to their jobs based on capabilities plus incentives, and trained them to work at maximum efficiency by monitoring worker performance by supervising to ensure that theyre using the most efficient ways of working. This allows workers to work while managers allocate training, so workers work effectively. Taylor felt that workers should get a fair days pay for a fair days work, and that pay should be linked to the amount produced. Workers who did not deliver would be paid less. Vice versa workers who exceeded the target would be paid more. Taylorism can be linked to Fordism in relation to pay. Henry Ford introduced the $5 rather than piece rate, this came with wholesale mechanization and rationalization and exceedingly controlled operational conditions (Lawley King) workers dislikedShow MoreRelatedTheories Of Motivation And Motivation Theories1493 Words   |  6 Pagesextent, needs of theories of motivation are still relevant to contemporary management practice. Theories of motivation are important as it helps managers to understand their employees’ needs of motivations, and to motivate their employees to perform and excel better. There are several motivation theories; this essay will briefly explain six major theories of motivation and discuss three of the theories in more detail. This essay will also explain the needs theories of motivation, and will focus onRead MoreMotivation Theory : Motivation And Motivation846 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Jones Psychology April 28 2016 Motivation Theories Having motivation to do something is very important. Motivation plays a huge roll in everyone’s life, even If someone has very little motivation. There are several types of motivation such as Instinct and drive motivation. These two motivations are quite similar, but different at the same time. I will compare and contrast both of these types of motivation and what I think about them. These motivations are very important to your life and canRead MoreMotivation Theories Of Motivation And Motivation Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pages Overview of Presentation What is motivation? Cognitive theories of Motivation Forms of Motivation Motivation Theories Profile of Motivational Problems How to Motivate Students What is Motivation? Many different theorists have tried to define what is meant by motiviation. Urdan and Schoenfelder (2006) defined Motivation as follows: â€Å"Motivation is a complex part of human psychology and behavior that influences how individuals choose to invest their time, how much energy they exert in any givenRead MoreMotivation And Theory Of Motivation1464 Words   |  6 PagesIt is suggested by psychologists that motivation can be understood as a technique that works as a model that starts and maintains behaviours. The reason we all act or do something is caused by motivation; it is related to the emotions, biology and the social factors that influence behaviour. It is usually a term used to explain why an individual will do something, the reasons behind that action. Moreover, The term motivation refers to factors that activate, direct, and sustain goal-directed behaviourRead MoreThe Theory Of Motivation And Motivation1401 Words   |  6 Pages Schools of thought in relation to motivation refer to the theories developed by different psychologists to explain motivation in dept. it is crucial to understand motivation and the factors that cause it since it contributes to achievement of one’s goal and desires in life. Therefore, motivation can be described as the process of enticing an individual through a reward to increase the occurrence of a specified behavior in an organization. Different factors can be used as motivators in an organizationRead MoreThe Theory Of Motivation And Motivation1010 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation is defined as an act or process that inspires and stimulates a person to be an effort to achieve a goal. It not only puts employees in act, but also makes them feel interesting with their job. As a result, most of employees are feeling satisfaction with their job, becoming creativity, innovation and productivity as well. However, to successful in motivating the staff is required an appropriate met hod that meets with all staff’s need. Otherwise, it is seems to useless in driving the employeesRead MoreMotivation Theory And Expectancy Theory Of Motivation1742 Words   |  7 Pagesplace. This problem mainly occurs in organisation when there is lack of motivation, lack of organisational justice, negative culture and low morale. The purpose of this case study is to give brief view about, why employees had to face these problems and how to make positive culture and what and where the changes are required for the WA force. This report introduces MARS motivation theory and Expectancy theory of motivation for improves officers’ behaviours towards force, with that how can they fillRead MoreMotivation Theories And Motivation Of Employee Motivation Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol and some that are not. Employee motivation is something that can directly affect an organizations production. It is no secret that un-motivated employees equates to un-productive workers, but how can we combat this? In order to better understand this concept we will look at the definition of employee motivation, some of the motivation theories and some motivation techniques that could be useful in our organizations. What is employee motivation? Motivation is a word used quite often in many differentRead MoreMotivation Theories1236 Words   |  5 PagesThe four motivation theories are Biological theory, Psychosocial theory of motivation, Biopsychosocial, and Achievement theory. Everyone has their own motivation in life for continuing education, and career choices. Each person also has Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivators. Intrinsic is an internal motivation for self satisfaction. Extrinsic is an external motivation, or reward for a person’s accomplishment. Motivation Theories: Linda was motivated to go back to school because she wanted an educationRead MoreThe Importance Of Motivation And Motivation Theory1401 Words   |  6 Pagesperformance. Therefore motivation is one of the most complex and important topics in industrial and organizational psychology (Smither ,1997). The main purpose of this essay is to explain different kinds of motivation and why it is necessary, and create a proper motivation mechanism for the company. On the one hand, I studied current research and research different motivation theories. On the other hand, I will compare the common and different things among these motivation theories, and try to find

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Hard Work Is the Key to Success Free Essays

I am writing this content only those who are fresh graduate and wondering full time or part time work. First of all, I say that graduation is not top part where you have reached. It is just first step. We will write a custom essay sample on Hard Work Is the Key to Success or any similar topic only for you Order Now You should study post-graduation. If you do not do it regularly, you should study it through correspondence. Master degree is must before wondering full time work because next two years will give you more learning skills. Now, when you go for wondering work, you should remember that your hard work is the key of your success. No work is bad. There may be more quality in small work. Education increases our power to give better service. So, you can do your work from any small service. It may be the duty of salesman. It may be the duty supervisor or tutor. You do that duty with full of hard work. Sweat from your body is the sign that success is very near to you. It may be possible that your family’s financial condition is not good. I ask one question from you whether only to say this to other is sufficient. No, never! Nobody will give you any financial help. Nobody will give you money. Yes you can do labor. Yes you can sell the small products. Yes, you can do duty and earn money. This earned money can only support your family. This earned money can power to your family. Why are you wasting time just telling your weak family condition. Use same time to get new idea for hard work. How to cite Hard Work Is the Key to Success, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

PESTLE for H&M Fashion Company-Free-Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the PESTLE for HM Fashion Company. Answer: PESTLE For HM fashion company P- Political factors The HM fashion company is well-known company Swedish multinational clothing-retail. The company is going to open the business in new Asia regions that include Turkey, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore and Malaysia (HM, 2017). Each region of Asia there is separate trade regulations and laws that need to be followed by the company. For instance, Singapore levies 7% Goods and Services Tax (GST) and 99% of all imports enter duty-free. Similarly, each country has different trade regulations that can impact the working and the expansion plans of the company (Export.gov., 2017). There are certain regulations related to the license that can become the huddle in the formation of the business. E-Economical factors The economic factors include inflation, employment, purchasing power and recession. The income of the Asia regions are increasing form last few decades and this shows that there is a rise in the purchasing power of the Asia regions (Barua, 2017). The graph below shows the increase in the income:- The inflation rate of regions of Asia is increasing which bring the rise in the demand of the customers and this economic helps the company to make a profit out of these countries. S-Social factors The social factors are directly related to the customers, the increasing awareness of the knowledge in the customer is making the company be transparent with the customers. The HM fashion company is operating the business in the Middle East and in Asia. This is the reason they should keep this on account that there are social and cultural differences such as language, religion, and outfit of the men and women (Yu, and Shi, 2013). Considering, the Asia regions company need to bring the changes in the products that they are offering to the customers. The youth of the Asia will definitely like to prefer the fashionable and designers outfits. T-Technological factors The technologic is adopted by each and every company in todays world. The company is opening the online stores in Asia, so the company should provide the portal more convenient for the customers with the use of the technology (Samoilenko, 2016). The mobile app use should be provided to the customers and apart from this company should try to develop more innovative strategies with the use of technology that helps the company to compete in the market. L-Legal factors The legal factors should be taken care of the company while operating the business in the Asia regions. The company should trademark and patent on the products that they are going to provide in the Asia regions so that the company doesn't have to face any disputes. These disputes can harm the working of the company in the regions (Ho, 2014). The company needs to provide the wages considering the laws related to the minimum wages act of different countries. E-Environmental factors The environmental factors are must to be followed by the company as this is the social responsibility of the company. The HM fashion company understands the value of the environment and the company works accordingly. The aim of the company is to be 100% circular and renewable by the year 2030 that means that company is looking to manufacture the new product from the old products (HM, 2017). In Asia regions, the company wants to make use of the recycled and the durable material. By doing so the company is fulfilling the environmental laws of the Asia regions References Barua, A., 2017, Asias retail spending boom: Shoppers go on a frenzy, and why not?, Viewed on 6th November 2017, https://dupress.deloitte.com/dup-us-en/economy/asia-pacific-economic-outlook/2017/q2-asia-retail-spending-boom.html Export.gov., 2017, Trade Regulations, Customs and Standards, Viewed on 6th November 2017, https://2016.export.gov/singapore/doingbusinessinsingapore/traderegulationscustomsandstandards/index.asp HM, 2017, About Us, Viewed on 6th November 2017, https://about.hm.com/en/about-us/markets-and-expansion.html Ho, J.K.K., 2014. Formulation of a systemic PEST analysis for strategic analysis. European academic research, 2(5), pp.6478-6492. Samoilenko, A., 2016. E-commerce in Russia: Challenges and Opportunities: Russian e-commerce market for local and foreign enterpreneurs. Yu, Y. and Shi, Z., 2013. Customer satisfaction in the fashion industry: Case study of HM case company.